The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) allows eligible employees to take unpaid leave for specific family and medical reasons without fear of losing their job. This includes leave for the birth of a child, adoption, or serious health conditions. Understanding your rights under the FMLA, including eligibility requirements and the process for requesting leave, is crucial for employees needing time off for family or medical reasons. Employers are required to maintain job protection during FMLA leave.